PostgreSQL 9.3.4 文档
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VI. 参考

这份参考中的条目意欲提供关于相应主题的权威、完整和正式的总结。关于使用PostgreSQL的更多信息（以叙述、教程或例子的形式）可以在本书的其他部分找到。见每个参考页面上列出的交叉引用。

这些参考条目也在传统"man"页面中可用。

Table of Contents

I. SQL 命令

ABORT -- 中止当前事务
ALTER AGGREGATE -- 更改一个聚集函数的定义
ALTER COLLATION -- 更改一个排序规则的定义
ALTER CONVERSION -- 改变一个转换的定义
ALTER DATABASE -- 更改一个数据库
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES -- 定义默认访问特权
ALTER DOMAIN -- change the definition of a domain
ALTER EVENT TRIGGER -- change the definition of an event trigger
ALTER EXTENSION -- change the definition of an extension
ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER -- change the definition of a foreign-data wrapper
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE -- change the definition of a foreign table
ALTER FUNCTION -- change the definition of a function
ALTER GROUP -- change role name or membership
ALTER INDEX -- change the definition of an index
ALTER LANGUAGE -- change the definition of a procedural language
ALTER LARGE OBJECT -- change the definition of a large object
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW -- change the definition of a materialized view
ALTER OPERATOR -- change the definition of an operator
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS -- change the definition of an operator class
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY -- change the definition of an operator family
ALTER ROLE -- change a database role
ALTER RULE -- change the definition of a rule
ALTER SCHEMA -- change the definition of a schema
ALTER SEQUENCE -- change the definition of a sequence generator
ALTER SERVER -- change the definition of a foreign server
ALTER TABLE -- change the definition of a table
ALTER TABLESPACE -- change the definition of a tablespace
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION -- change the definition of a text search configuration
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY -- change the definition of a text search dictionary
ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER -- change the definition of a text search parser
ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE -- change the definition of a text search template
ALTER TRIGGER -- change the definition of a trigger
ALTER TYPE -- change the definition of a type
ALTER USER -- change a database role
ALTER USER MAPPING -- change the definition of a user mapping
ALTER VIEW -- change the definition of a view
ANALYZE -- collect statistics about a database
BEGIN -- start a transaction block
CHECKPOINT -- force a transaction log checkpoint
CLOSE -- close a cursor
CLUSTER -- cluster a table according to an index
COMMENT -- define or change the comment of an object
COMMIT -- commit the current transaction
COMMIT PREPARED -- commit a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit
COPY -- copy data between a file and a table
CREATE AGGREGATE -- define a new aggregate function
CREATE CAST -- define a new cast
CREATE COLLATION -- define a new collation
CREATE CONVERSION -- define a new encoding conversion
CREATE DATABASE -- 创建一个新数据库
CREATE DOMAIN -- define a new domain
CREATE EVENT TRIGGER -- define a new event trigger
CREATE EXTENSION -- install an extension
CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER -- define a new foreign-data wrapper
CREATE FOREIGN TABLE -- define a new foreign table
CREATE FUNCTION -- define a new function
CREATE GROUP -- define a new database role
CREATE INDEX -- define a new index
CREATE LANGUAGE -- define a new procedural language
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW -- define a new materialized view
CREATE OPERATOR -- define a new operator
CREATE OPERATOR CLASS -- define a new operator class
CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY -- define a new operator family
CREATE ROLE -- 定义一个新的数据库角色
CREATE RULE -- define a new rewrite rule
CREATE SCHEMA -- define a new schema
CREATE SEQUENCE -- define a new sequence generator
CREATE SERVER -- define a new foreign server
CREATE TABLE -- 定义一个新表
CREATE TABLE AS -- define a new table from the results of a query
CREATE TABLESPACE -- define a new tablespace
CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION -- define a new text search configuration
CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY -- define a new text search dictionary
CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER -- define a new text search parser
CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE -- define a new text search template
CREATE TRIGGER -- 定义一个新触发器
CREATE TYPE -- define a new data type
CREATE USER -- define a new database role
CREATE USER MAPPING -- define a new mapping of a user to a foreign server
CREATE VIEW -- define a new view
DEALLOCATE -- deallocate a prepared statement
DECLARE -- define a cursor
DELETE -- delete rows of a table
DISCARD -- discard session state
DO -- execute an anonymous code block
DROP AGGREGATE -- remove an aggregate function
DROP CAST -- remove a cast
DROP COLLATION -- remove a collation
DROP CONVERSION -- remove a conversion
DROP DATABASE -- remove a database
DROP DOMAIN -- remove a domain
DROP EVENT TRIGGER -- remove an event trigger
DROP EXTENSION -- remove an extension
DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER -- remove a foreign-data wrapper
DROP FOREIGN TABLE -- remove a foreign table
DROP FUNCTION -- remove a function
DROP GROUP -- remove a database role
DROP INDEX -- remove an index
DROP LANGUAGE -- remove a procedural language
DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW -- remove a materialized view
DROP OPERATOR -- remove an operator
DROP OPERATOR CLASS -- remove an operator class
DROP OPERATOR FAMILY -- remove an operator family
DROP OWNED -- remove database objects owned by a database role
DROP ROLE -- remove a database role
DROP RULE -- remove a rewrite rule
DROP SCHEMA -- remove a schema
DROP SEQUENCE -- remove a sequence
DROP SERVER -- remove a foreign server descriptor
DROP TABLE -- remove a table
DROP TABLESPACE -- remove a tablespace
DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION -- remove a text search configuration
DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY -- remove a text search dictionary
DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER -- remove a text search parser
DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE -- remove a text search template
DROP TRIGGER -- remove a trigger
DROP TYPE -- remove a data type
DROP USER -- remove a database role
DROP USER MAPPING -- remove a user mapping for a foreign server
DROP VIEW -- remove a view
END -- commit the current transaction
EXECUTE -- execute a prepared statement
EXPLAIN -- 显示一个语句的执行计划
FETCH -- retrieve rows from a query using a cursor
GRANT -- 定义访问特权
INSERT -- create new rows in a table
LISTEN -- 监听一个通知
LOAD -- load a shared library file
LOCK -- lock a table
MOVE -- position a cursor
NOTIFY -- 生成一个通知
PREPARE -- prepare a statement for execution
PREPARE TRANSACTION -- prepare the current transaction for two-phase commit
REASSIGN OWNED -- change the ownership of database objects owned by a database role
REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW -- replace the contents of a materialized view
REINDEX -- rebuild indexes
RELEASE SAVEPOINT -- destroy a previously defined savepoint
RESET -- restore the value of a run-time parameter to the default value
REVOKE -- 移除访问特权
ROLLBACK -- abort the current transaction
ROLLBACK PREPARED -- cancel a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT -- roll back to a savepoint
SAVEPOINT -- define a new savepoint within the current transaction
SECURITY LABEL -- define or change a security label applied to an object
SELECT -- retrieve rows from a table or view
SELECT INTO -- define a new table from the results of a query
SET -- change a run-time parameter
SET CONSTRAINTS -- set constraint check timing for the current transaction
SET ROLE -- set the current user identifier of the current session
SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION -- set the session user identifier and the current user identifier of the current session
SET TRANSACTION -- set the characteristics of the current transaction
SHOW -- show the value of a run-time parameter
START TRANSACTION -- start a transaction block
TRUNCATE -- empty a table or set of tables
UNLISTEN -- stop listening for a notification
UPDATE -- update rows of a table
VACUUM -- 垃圾收集并根据需要分析一个数据库
VALUES -- compute a set of rows

II. PostgreSQL 客户端应用

clusterdb -- 聚簇一个PostgreSQL数据库
createdb -- 创建一个新的PostgreSQL数据库
createlang -- 安装一种PostgreSQL过程语言
createuser -- 定义一个新的PostgreSQL用户账户
dropdb -- 移除一个PostgreSQL数据库
droplang -- 移除一种PostgreSQL过程语言
dropuser -- 移除一个PostgreSQL用户账户
ecpg -- 嵌入式 SQL C 预处理器
pg_basebackup -- 获得一个PostgreSQL集簇的一个基础备份
pg_config -- 获取已安装的PostgreSQL的信息
pg_dump -- 把PostgreSQL数据库抽取为一个脚本文件或其他归档文件
pg_dumpall -- 将一个PostgreSQL数据库集簇抽取到一个脚本文件中
pg_isready -- 检查一个PostgreSQL服务器的连接状态
pg_receivexlog -- 以流的方式从一个PostgreSQL集簇得到事务日志
pg_restore -- restore a PostgreSQL database from an archive file created by pg_dump
psql -- PostgreSQL交互式终端
reindexdb -- 重索引一个PostgreSQL数据库
vacuumdb -- 对一个PostgreSQL数据库进行垃圾收集和分析

III. PostgreSQL 服务器应用

initdb -- 创建一个新的PostgreSQL数据库集簇
pg_controldata -- 显示一个PostgreSQL数据库集簇的控制信息
pg_ctl -- 初始化、启动、停止或控制一个PostgreSQL服务器
pg_resetxlog -- 重置一个PostgreSQL数据库集簇的预写式日志以及其他控制信息
postgres -- PostgreSQL数据库服务器
postmaster -- PostgreSQL数据库服务器